⊳ Ambient temperature for a lead-acid battery | Banner Battery
A value of +85 degrees Celsius is not uncommon in the engine compartment, especially in summer, but is considered uncritical for a maximum of 3 hours per day. Temperature
It should set the voltage higher when the battery is charged at lower temperatures and a lower voltage when charging at higher temperatures. The charge should be at 0.3C or less when the temperature is below freezing. Nickel-based batteries: A nickel-based battery can have a current charge reduced to 0.1C if temperatures are below freezing.
Charging at extreme temperatures can cause permanent damage: Charging batteries outside their recommended temperature range can lead to issues like lithium plating, gas buildup, venting, or even case cracking, especially in lithium-ion and lead-acid chemistries.
Battery chemistry dictates ideal temperature ranges: Lithium-ion batteries typically charge best between 32°F and 113°F, while nickel-based and lead-acid chemistries have broader but still limited ranges. Charging below freezing is generally unsafe, especially for lithium-ion.
Conversely, at higher temperatures around 50°C (122°F), the charging voltage drops to about 2.3 volts per cell, or 13.8 volts in total. This variation necessitates the use of temperature compensation in lead-acid battery chargers or charge controllers, especially for batteries exposed to wide temperature ranges.
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